PT-141 · DOSSIER

PT-141

Bremelanotid · Bremelanotide · Peptide · 7 AS
LEGAL DE · NOT APPROVEDEVIDENCE · CLINICALLY ESTABLISHED2 STUDIES
SUMMARY

Acts directly in the brain; in large trials it increased desire in women with low libido.

FIG.01 — SIGNAL CHAIN
Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OH · ~1025.2 Da
EVIDENCE LEVELSPROVEN IN HUMANSANIMAL MODELS ONLYMECHANISM ONLYUNPROVEN IN HUMANS
01

What it does in the body

Findings, each with its evidence level — animal data kept visibly apart from what's unproven in humans.

Increases sexual desire

Acts directly in the brain; in large trials it increased desire in women with low libido.

PROVEN IN HUMANS
Acts centrally, not vascularly

Unlike Viagra and similar, it works via the brain, not by widening blood vessels.

MECHANISM ONLY
FDA-approved for women

Approved in the US since 2019 (as Vyleesi) for women with low sexual desire — not in the EU.

PROVEN IN HUMANS
Unproven in men

For men (erectile issues) only early studies exist — no approval was ever sought.

UNPROVEN IN HUMANS
02

Mechanism of action

What PT-141 does in the body — step by step.

01

PT-141 (bremelanotide) is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide and an agonist at melanocortin receptors, particularly MC3R and MC4R.

02

It is a metabolite of Melanotan II but contains no acetyl group at the N-terminus.

03

Unlike peripheral vasodilators (e.g. PDE-5 inhibitors), PT-141 acts primarily centrally via the hypothalamus and other CNS areas involved in regulating sexual desire.

03

Research status

How far along is the evidence?

PRECLINICALEARLY CLINICAL STUDIESCLINICALLY ESTABLISHED
PT-141 is the only approved melanocortin-receptor agonist for sexual dysfunction.
PT-141 is the only approved melanocortin-receptor agonist for sexual dysfunction.
The FDA granted approval in 2019 (Vyleesi) for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women.
This was based on two Phase III studies (RECONNECT), which showed statistically significant improvements on validated scales (FSDS-DAO, FSFI) compared with placebo.
For men with erectile dysfunction, Phase II data exist; FDA approval for this indication was not sought.
EMA approval for the EU market does not exist.
04

Known risks

Without human data, safety statements are limited. What is known:

01
Nausea: the most common side effect in clinical studies (about 40% of users), dose-limiting in about 13%
02
Blood pressure increase: transient hypertension described after administration; contraindicated in cardiovascular disease
03
Hyperpigmentation (melanoderma) described with repeated use in studies
04
Flushing, headache
05
Interactions with antihypertensives and other vasoactive substances
06
Not recommended for people with uncontrolled hypertension or pre-existing cardiovascular disease
05

Cited studies

Chronological — links lead to the source.

2006
Melanocortin receptor 4 is required for penile erection
PubMed 16433692 →
2019
Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials
PubMed 30811128 →
06

Frequently asked questions

What is PT-141?+

PT-141 (bremelanotide) is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide and an agonist at melanocortin receptors, particularly MC3R and MC4R.

What type of peptide is PT-141?+

PT-141 belongs to the Melanocortin class.

What is PT-141 used for?+

In research, PT-141 has primarily been investigated in the context of: Libido. These are research findings (evidence: clinically established), not proven benefits in humans and not a usage recommendation.

Is PT-141 legal in Germany?+

PT-141 is not approved as a medicine in Germany. Obtaining it outside clinical studies is legally problematic.

Is PT-141 FDA-approved / legal in the US?+

PT-141 is a prescription, FDA-approved medication in the US.

Is PT-141 legal in Canada?+

No. PT-141 is not authorized by Health Canada and not intended for human consumption.

Where can I buy PT-141?+

Peptica sells nothing and names no sources. PT-141 is "not approved" in Germany; obtaining unapproved substances outside clinical studies is illegal and carries quality and safety risks.

What is the dosage of PT-141?+

Peptica publishes no dosing. There are no approved dosing guidelines for PT-141; figures circulating online stem from animal studies or anecdote, not from validated human protocols. This is not medical advice.

Is PT-141 banned in sport (WADA)?+

PT-141 is currently not on the WADA Prohibited List.

What are the known risks of PT-141?+

Documented risks include: Nausea: the most common side effect in clinical studies (about 40% of users), dose-limiting in about 13%; Blood pressure increase: transient hypertension described after administration; contraindicated in cardiovascular disease. This is not a complete safety assessment and not medical advice — see the risks section for the full list.

How well researched is PT-141?+

The evidence is classified as “clinically established”. 2 studies are cited on this page.

What is the molecular weight of PT-141?+

PT-141 has a molar mass of about 1025.2 Da, with a plasma half-life of ~2.7 hours.

Which peptides are related to PT-141?+

Closely related entries: Melanotan II. A direct side-by-side comparison is available via the compare function.

07

Dossier

Legal · Structure · Sources.

LEGAL STATUS BY REGION
Germanynot approved

PT-141 / bremelanotide is FDA-approved in the USA as Vyleesi (HSDD in premenopausal women) but has no EMA approval for Europe. In Germany, the substance is not approved as a medicine; obtaining it without a prescription is not legal. Not listed on the WADA Prohibited List.

Legal status varies by country and can change. This is not legal advice.

STRUCTURE & MOLECULE
H₂NAc-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OHCOOH
7
AMINO ACIDS
~1025.2
MOL. WEIGHT (Da)
~2
HALF-LIFE
SOURCES & EXTERNAL DATABASES

Methodology: Peptica compiles publicly available studies and regulatory information and assigns each statement an evidence level. Not medical advice. No warranty.

RELATED PEPTIDES & FURTHER READING
08

Community notes

Note: These posts are user opinions and not medical advice. Posts containing dosages, therapeutic claims or purchase recommendations are removed. All entries are manually reviewed before publication.
This page is intended solely for factual, scientifically oriented information. No medical advice · no dosage or usage recommendations · no claims of efficacy · no substitute for medical consultation. Peptica sells no substances. Partner links are marked as advertising; Peptica may earn a commission. © 2026 Peptica · Issue 01